diff --git a/content/blog/1d-collisions/index.md b/content/blog/1d-collisions/index.md index 88d7a7a..c5310af 100644 --- a/content/blog/1d-collisions/index.md +++ b/content/blog/1d-collisions/index.md @@ -9,15 +9,20 @@ Consider two particles, designated as particles `1` and `2`, with respective mas In any collision, momentum is conserved. An elastic collision is an collision, as a result of which the total kinetic energy of the colliding particles is conserved. +The conservation of momentum before and after the collision is expressed by the following equation: $$ m_{1}\vec{v}_{1} + m_{2}\vec{v}_{2} = m_{1}\vec{v'}_{1} + m_{2}\vec{v'}_{2} $$ +And the conservation of the total kinetic energy before and after the collision is expressed by the following equation: + $$ \frac{m_{1}{v_{1}}^2}{2} + \frac{m_{2}{v_{2}}^2}{2} = \frac{m_{1}{v'_{1}}^2}{2} + \frac{m_{2}{v'_{2}}^2}{2} $$ +The aforementioned equations can be transformed into the following system: + $$ \begin{cases} m_{1}({v_{1}} - {v'_{1}}) = m_{2}({v'_{2}} - {v_{2}}) \\ @@ -25,22 +30,32 @@ m_{1}({v_{1}}^2 - {v'_{1}}^2) = m_{2}({v'_{2}}^2 - {v_{2}}^2) \end{cases} $$ +The division of each side of the top equation by each side of the bottom equation yields: + $$ \frac{v_{1} - v'_{1}}{{v_{1}^2} - {v'_{1}}^2} = \frac{v'_{2} - v_{2}}{{{v'_{2}}^2} - {v_{2}}^2} $$ +The preceding equation may be transformed using the difference of two squares formula to obtain the following: + $$ \frac{v_{1} - v'_{1}}{(v_1 + v'_1)(v_1 - v'_1)} = \frac{v'_{2} - v_{2}}{(v'_2 - v_2)(v'_2 + v_2)} $$ +This expression can be transformed as follows: + $$ \frac{1}{v_1 + v'_1} = \frac{1}{v'_2 + v_2} $$ +From this expression follows: + $$ v_1 + v'_1 = v'_2 + v_2 $$ +From this equation, the following system can be derived: + $$ \begin{cases} v'_1 = v_2 + v'_2 - v_1 \\ @@ -48,6 +63,8 @@ v'_2 = v_1 + v'_1 - v_2 \end{cases} $$ +The law of conservation of momentum then yields the following: + $$ \begin{cases} m_1v_1 + m_2v_2 = m_1{v'}_1 + m_2(v_1 + {v'}_1 - v_2) \\ @@ -55,6 +72,8 @@ m_1v_1 + m_2v_2 = m_1(v_2 + v'_2 - v_1) + m_2v'_2 \end{cases} $$ +From this, we can derive the velocity of the particles following the collision as follows: + $$ \begin{cases} v'_1 = \frac{2m_2v_2 + v_1(m_1-m_2)}{m_1+m_2} \\